The Prevalence Of Hearing Loss - 3583 Words

Hearing loss is prevalent, treatable and frequently undetected (Uhlmann, 1989). It is widely accepted that the prevalence of hearing impairment increases with age. This age related hearing loss is known as presbycusis. Acar, Yurekli, Babademez, Karabulut and Karasen (2011) described presbycusis as a social problem in which people deliberately restrict physical and social activities. There is a prediction for an increasing prevalence of hearing loss due to the greater aging population, the use of personal listening devices, and increased military action. Aging Auditory System and Speech Understanding Aging is the single factor that is most responsible for irreversible hearing loss due to weakening of the tympanic membrane, disordered†¦show more content†¦Yet, the understanding of distorted speech declines rapidly and dramatically with aging and hearing ability (Divenyi et al., 2005). Even with a favorable speech-to-noise ratio, like in a sound treated suite, a mild high frequency hearing loss can affect speech understanding (Lunner, Rudner, Rà ¶nnberg, 2009). Reverberation and signal processing in noise are the greatest obstacles to understanding speech (Gordon-Salant, 2005). Reverberation has a smoothing effect on the sound waveform which causes distortion of the signal (Gordon-Salant, 2005). This phenomenon occurs in large, open rooms which is why many adults complain about understanding speech in noisy restaurants. Elderly, hearing-impaired listeners indicate that they have the most difficulty understanding continuous input in the presence of noise as opposed to dif ficulty understanding just single words and phrases in the presence of noise (Pichora-Fuller, 2003).When the peripheral auditory system is already damaged from typical auditory aging processes, adding more distortion to the signal decreases the listener’s ability to understand. These deficits indicate a slowing of perceptual processes. The question remains, how quickly do these components decline, at what rate and to what degree does speech understanding diminish (Divenyi et al., 2005)? Audiological Evaluation In order to determine theShow MoreRelatedSocio Demographic Profile And Nutritional Status Of Hearing Impaired1594 Words   |  7 PagesSCIENCE Title : SOCIO-DEMOGRAPHIC PROFILE AND NUTRITIONAL STATUS OF HEARING IMPAIRED (DEAF) ADOLESCENTS Abstract Health status of a population is a significant indicator of human development. Like mortality, disability being a potential measure of health status of population has not received much attention in research particularly in the developing countries. Hearing impairment refers to both complete and partial loss of the ability to hear and research in the area of the health andRead MoreObstructive Sleep Apnea ( Osa )1602 Words   |  7 Pagesproblem affecting millions of people in the United States. The prevalence of OSA has risen drastically over the past few decades concurrently with the increasing prevalence of obesity. Subsequently, there has been an ever-increasing rise in the use of CPAP. While there are many adverse effects to the use of CPAP, the majority are described as being relatively benign. Here we discuss a case of significant sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSNHL) in relation to a suspected perilymphatic from traumaticRead MoreGenetics Synthesis: Marfan Synd rome Essay1514 Words   |  7 Pagesat the nape of the neck, single transverse palmar crease, and short fifth finger with clinodactyly and wide spacing, often with a deep plantar groove between the first and second toes. Cognitive impairment is mild to severe, significant risk of hearing loss, obstructive sleep apnea, otitis media, eye disease (including cataracts and severe refractive errors), congenital heart defects, neurological dysfunction, gastrointestinal atresias, hip dislocation, thyroid disease, and less common transient myeloproliferativeRead MoreDiabetes And Hearing Loss Among Americans Essay1495 Words   |  6 PagesDiabetes Has on Hearing Diabetes is regarded one of the major health concerns in the United States given the increase of diabetes cases throughout the country. In the past few decades, diabetes has continued to affect adults and children in the United States. The increase of this condition has been associated with several considerable impacts since it generates numerous medical and related phenomena in the American society. One of the medical phenomena generated by diabetes is hearing loss given thatRead MoreA Study By Brigham And Women s Hospital1546 Words   |  7 Pagesand Women’s Hospital in Boston found that one in five teens suffer from a hearing impairment, which is an increase of 33% from 1994 (Dignan). Earbuds and headphones have contributed to these numbers since using these at loud volumes can damage ears over time. Earbuds and headphones have caused loss of hearing, as a result, there should be a restriction on the highest volume they can go. To put this into perspective, hearing is an important function of the body, taking many components to transferRead MoreThe Purpose For This Research Proposal Is To Introduce1209 Words   |  5 Pagesaware of. Findings done by previous studies have provided numerous birth effects caused by the Zika virus. Such as congenital deficiencies: Microcephaly, sensory outcomes, motor and limb abilities, and neurological abnormalities. However, the prevalence and incidence rate of transmission from mother to fetus by trimester hasn’t been identified. Introduction: It’s been 70 years since the introduction of the Zika Virus in Uganda, and so far, researchers have identified the vector: aedes mosquitoRead MoreHearing Loss And Its Effect On The Audience s Ability867 Words   |  4 PagesHearing loss can impact the listener’s ability to spatially separate the target signal and the masker. Researchers have indicated that the benefit obtained from spatial release from masking is less for individuals with hearing loss from individuals with normal hearing (Gallun et al., 2013; Abrogast et al., 2005). Interaural level and time differences underlie the benefit of spatial separation of target speech and sources of masking. Hearing loss results in a reduced ability to use these ITDs andRead MoreDemographic Structure Includes Name, Age, Sex And Ethnicity1071 Words   |  5 Pagesin the same individual but in varying degrees. Others may have autistic spectrum disorder with hearing loss. The presence of an undiagnosed hearing loss is likely t o make the learning disabilities or difficulties appear worse than they actually are.In addition, undiagnosed hearing loss may lead to challenging behaviours and other types of psychological distress that could be decreased if the hearing loss is diagnosed and treated. Denmark (1994) highlighted that deaf people within the general populationRead MorePsychopathology And Permanent Hearing Loss1403 Words   |  6 PagesPsychopathology and Permanent Hearing Loss in Pediatric Patient Population Laura Shipps Dr. Andrea Pittman SHS 508 – Pediatric Audiology 04/29/15 Pediatric Audiology and Psychopathology Permanent hearing loss at any age can be challenging; adults and children alike must adjust to the reduced ability to hear. Unlike adults, however, children are still learning the language and communication skills that they will use for the rest of their life. As such, hearing loss that occurs duringRead MoreSocio Demographic Profile And Nutritional Status Of Hearing Impaired2148 Words   |  9 Pages SOCIO-DEMOGRAPHIC PROFILE AND NUTRITIONAL STATUS OF HEARING IMPAIRED (DEAF) ADOLESCENTS Abstract Background: Health status of a population is a significant indicator of human development. Like mortality, disability being a potential measure of health status of population has not received much attention in research particularly in the developing countries. Hearing impairment refers to both complete and partial loss of the ability to hear and research in the area of the health and nutritional

Irony, Allusion, Metaphor, Personification, Alliteration,...

Describe the setting of this novel. The boys are stranded on an unoccupied island. It seems as though it is somewhere in the Pacific in the 1950’s. It is an unknown environment which is very peculiar. As young boys, they expressed a great amount of enthusiasm once they arrived. After this initial feeling, the reality of the absence of adult supervision came to their realization, and the threat of the real world set in. This island possesses several jungle characteristics such as dense undergrowth. There is plenty of food and wild fruit. This is a deserted tropical island. Explain Golding’s use of the following literary devices using evidence from the novel: irony, allusion, simile, symbol, slang, repetition, personification, alliteration,†¦show more content†¦Personification: As mentioned on page 19, â€Å"Sleep enveloped him like swathing mirages that were wrestling with the brilliance of the lagoon.† Alliteration: The ululation rose behind him and spread along, a series of short sharp cries, the sighting call. The usage of the ‘s’ sound is used to deliver a abrupt and sneaky sound. Comic Relief: â€Å"He tried to convey the compulsion to track down and kill that was swallowing him up.† Jack is slowly transforming from civilized to savage. What is the dramatic situation at the beginning of the novel? Ralph is a twelve year old boy with fair hair who climbs out of a plane wreckage on an island towards a lagoon. He comes in contact with a boy who seems to be around the same age as him. They differ in appearance as this boy is fat and wears glasses. Ralph goes ahead and introduces himself. The fat boy doesn’t reveal his name, instead he tells a story about how his classmates at school gave him the nickname ‘Piggy.’ He reveals that he would prefer not to be called ‘Piggy’, but reluctantly, Ralph assigns that as his name. They discuss how both boys survived a plane crash in the Pacific Ocean and how there is an obvious absences of adult authority on this island. It appears as though both boys escaped from a war in their home countries. What causes the boy s’ terror? The belief that there is a beast on the island is what causes the boy s’ terror. Nobody sees it except them ,but the boys areShow MoreRelatedHello2980 Words   |  12 Pagesthese characters, things, events is meant to reveal an abstraction or a truth. These characters, etc. may be symbolic of the ideas referred to. Alliteration—The repetition at close intervals of initial identical consonant sounds. Allusion—An indirect reference to something (usually a literary text) with which the reader is expected to be familiar. Allusions are usually literary, historical, Biblical, or mythological. Ambiguity—An event or situation that may be interpreted in more than one way. AlsoRead MoreAmerican Literature11652 Words   |  47 Pagesof American Literature - 1900-1946 Content: ï‚ · ï‚ · ï‚ · dominant mood: alienation and disconnection people unable to communicate effectively fear of eroding traditions and grief over loss of the past Genre/Style: ï‚ · ï‚ · ï‚ · ï‚ · highly experimental allusions in writing often refer to classical Greek and Roman writings use of fragments, juxtaposition, interior monologue, and stream of consciousness writers seeking to create a unique style Effect: ï‚ · common readers are alienated by this literature Read MoreANALIZ TEXT INTERPRETATION AND ANALYSIS28843 Words   |  116 PagesCrane, the gangling schoolmaster in Irving’s The Legend of Sleepy Hollow, resembles his long-legged namesake. Names can also contain literary or historical allusions that aid in characterization by means of association. The name ‘Ethan Brand’, referring to the wandering lime burner who gives his name to Hawthorne’s short story, contains an allusion to the mark or brand of Cain a legacy of guilt that the outcast Brand shares with his Biblical counterpart. One must also, however, be alert to names used

Affirmative actions Essay Example For Students

Affirmative actions Essay Throughout Boston, conflicting issues have ragged causeing great toils in the school systems. Recently, during the nineties places of employment along with schoolsAffirmative Actionshave been hammered by the Affirmative action laws. These laws, stating their must be a set number of minorities (depending on population) to help minorities gain retribution from their past. In one instance the McLaughlins, a white family, filed a suite against the best school in the city, Boston Latin. Twelve year old Julia wanted to attend this school. She scored well enough on her entracnce exam yet she was still denied due to the quota system. Although this case went through a full hearing, Judge Garrity rulled to keep the quota system which in turn denied Julia from the school. Ever since the first blacks wer introduced, white people have discriminated greatly. Now, with modern times and law our societies have produced policies of Affirmative actions to level the playing field. Although their may not be as much discrimination now as in the early 1900,s we still have the obligation to provide retribution to these minorities. Affirmative actions allows blacks to be judged by thier characters and qualifications rather than by their skin color. Along the same lines, for some reason the majorities in this country still feel they are some what saperior to our minorities. With the Affirmative action policies in place it helps employers and schools look closer at these minorities. Quotas are set throughout the country to provide minorities with equal opportunities in thse places. Although this seems to give minorities a break, all it really is doing is equalling everybody to provide opportunities to the minorities. This seems to balance out the runnings by providing minorities with educations and jobs they normally would not attain due to discrimination. Finally, Affirmative actions are great for the modern generations. Schools and job sites are becoming more and more diverse. The younger generations growing to be our next presidents or nuclear fissisists, will now hopefully beging to learn and work intergrated with these minorities. Hopefully sometime in the near future discrimination will come to an end and all people will be able to live intertwined with different cultures and religions. Although Affirmative actions seems to help minorities it really harms them. Programs that are based on a racial preference instead of their performance tends to create a victim mentality. If we go on letting the minorities believe this we will never move on. Minorities will go on thinking were not good enough to earn this position, so they have to be given to us. Ultimately, this will lead to minorities always getting a break which in turn makes them feel inferior to those who have to work for their placements. Many things are said in support of Affirmative actions including ; It promotes diversity, It makes up for their past, or even that it promotes equal opportunity for minorities. Now, these things might be true on a certain level. We have to look at which groups of minorities are they actually helping. Yes they are helping the blacks or the Aisians, but are they helping important groups like the poor. Widespread throughout the nation we have the group of people that were born into a poor environment. These people will never have enough money to go to a college or a technical school so almost always they never make an economical or social advancement. Now you would thing that the affirmative action laws would do something about this trying to help them move up, but you do not see this happening. Considering the poor as a minority, and how they are not helped, wouldnt this decscribe the Affirmative action laws as being discriminant. If so, what good do they actually do?Affirmative action forces empoyers and admissions of schools to use quota systems in gaining their empoyees or students, even though quotas were banned early in the century by a civil rights act. These quotas are persuasive and public opinion polls show almost eighty percent of the population oppose them. Although they try to promote diversity with these techniques, it ultimatly increases the hatred between these groups. (ex. whites and blacks)By using these quotas can we actually say were helping? We give minorities breaks, which leads to somebody getting screwed out of something due to skin color. Is this fair or is it purly another act of discrimnation?With all the information and examples I have provided here, I feel the Boston, Latin case was very simple to decide. Amongst the information, included several reasons the Affirative actions policy does nothing but harms the progress our country has made since the beginging of discrimination. When Judge Garrity made the decision to keep the quota sys tem he made a choice to continue discrimination. Ultimatly the tables have turned, and now our faithful government has made it legal to discriminate agains the majorities. Is it right? Maybe not, but their is nothing that can be done about it, unless Garrity would have made the oposite decision that he did. It is too late now, but we who are against the policies can still voice our opinions. .ubf27c507c3d31cdab1351f66cefb0b13 , .ubf27c507c3d31cdab1351f66cefb0b13 .postImageUrl , .ubf27c507c3d31cdab1351f66cefb0b13 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ubf27c507c3d31cdab1351f66cefb0b13 , .ubf27c507c3d31cdab1351f66cefb0b13:hover , .ubf27c507c3d31cdab1351f66cefb0b13:visited , .ubf27c507c3d31cdab1351f66cefb0b13:active { border:0!important; } .ubf27c507c3d31cdab1351f66cefb0b13 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ubf27c507c3d31cdab1351f66cefb0b13 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ubf27c507c3d31cdab1351f66cefb0b13:active , .ubf27c507c3d31cdab1351f66cefb0b13:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ubf27c507c3d31cdab1351f66cefb0b13 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ubf27c507c3d31cdab1351f66cefb0b13 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ubf27c507c3d31cdab1351f66cefb0b13 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ubf27c507c3d31cdab1351f66cefb0b13 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ubf27c507c3d31cdab1351f66cefb0b13:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ubf27c507c3d31cdab1351f66cefb0b13 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ubf27c507c3d31cdab1351f66cefb0b13 .ubf27c507c3d31cdab1351f66cefb0b13-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ubf27c507c3d31cdab1351f66cefb0b13:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Trifles by Susan Glaspell EssayBibliography:

Shimla the Hill Queen free essay sample

After independence, city became the capital of Punjab and was later named the capital of Himachal Pradesh. Shimla came into existence from 1st Sept,1972 on the reorganisation of the districts of the state. After the reorganisation, the erstwhile Mahasu district and its major portion was merged with Shimla. Its name has been derived from the goddess Shyamala Devi, an incarnation of the Hindu goddess Kali. As of 2011 Shimla comprises 19 erstwhile hill states mainly Balson, Bushahr, Bhaji and Koti, Darkoti, Tharoch Dhadi, Kumharsain, Khaneti Delath, Dhami, Jubbal, Keothal, Madhan, Rawingarh, Ratesh, and Sangri. As a large and growing city, Shimla is home to many well-recognized colleges and research institutions in India. The city has a large number of temples and palaces. Shimla is also well noted for its buildings styled in Tudorbethan and neo-Gothic architecture dating from the colonial era. History The bridge connecting Shimla with Minor Shimla, erected in 1829 by Lord Combermere, Shimla, 1850s Shimla, along with Almora, Kumaon, Garhwal, Sirmaur, Dehradun and Kangra, was invaded and captured by Prithvi Narayan Shah of Nepal. Shortly later, the British East India Company with local kings went to war with Nepal from 1814 to 1816. At the conclusion of the war, as a result of the Sugauli Treaty, all these captured parts of North India were ceded to the British East India company. At that time, Shimla was known for the temple of Hindu Goddess Shyamala Devi, and not as a city as it is today. Not long after gaining possession of Shimla, the British began to develop the area. The Scottish civil servant Charles Pratt Kennedy built the first British summer home in the town in 1822. Lord Amherst, the Governor-General of Bengal from 1823 to 1828, set up a summer camp here in 1827, when there was only one cottage in the town, and only half a dozen when he left that year. There were more than a hundred cottages within ten years. Shimla soon caught the eye of Lord William Bentinck, the next Governor-General of Bengal from 1828 (later of India, when the title was created in 1833) to 1835. In a letter to Colonel Churchill in 1832, he wrote â€Å" Simla is only four days march from Loodianah (Ludhiana), is easy of access, and proves a very agreeable refuge from the burning plains of Hindoostaun (Hindustan). Rashtrapati Niwas, Observatory Hill, Shimla, the former Viceregal Lodge, completed in 1888 now the Indian Institute of Advanced Study One of his successors, Sir John Lawrence (Viceroy of India 1864–1869), decided to take the trouble of moving the administration twice a year between Calcutta and this separate centre over 1,000 miles away, despite the fact tha t it was difficult to reach. Lord Lytton (Viceroy of India 1876–1880) made efforts to plan the town from 1876, when he first stayed in a rented house, but began plans for a Viceregal Lodge, later built on Observatory Hill. A fire cleared much of the area where the native Indian population lived (the Upper Bazaar), and the planning of the eastern end to become the centre of the European town forced these to live in the Middle and Lower Bazaars on the lower terraces descending the steep slopes from the Ridge. The Upper Bazaar was cleared for a Town Hall, with many facilities such as library and theatre, as well as offices—for police and military volunteers as well as municipal administration. During the Hot Weather, Simla was also the Headquarters of the Commander-in-Chief, India, the head of the Indian Army, and many Departments of the Government. The summer capital of the regional Government of the Punjab moved from Murree, in modern-day Pakistan, to Shimla in 1876. They were joined by many of the British wives and daughters of the men who remained on the plains. Together these formed Simla Society, which, according to Charles Allen,[4] was as close as British India ever came to having an upper crust. This may have been helped by the fact that it was very expensive, having an ideal climate and thus being desirable, as well as having limited accommodation. British soldiers, merchants, and civil servants moved here each year to escape from the heat during summer in the Indo-Gangetic plain. The presence of many bachelors and unattached men, as well as the many women passing the hot weather there, gave Simla a reputation for adultery, and at least gossip about adultery: as Rudyard Kipling said in a letter cited by Allen, it had a reputation for frivolity, gossip and intrigue. See also. [5]) Passenger train on the Kalka-Shimla Railway route The Kalka-Shimla railway line, constructed in 1906, added to Shimlas accessibility and popularity. The railway route from Kalka to Shimla, with more than 806 bridges and 103 tunnels, was touted as an engineering feat and came to be known as the British Jewel of the Orient. [5] In 2008, it became part of the UNESCO World Heritage Site, Mountain railways of India. [6] Not only that, there was a significant Muslim population in the region before the partition of British India. In addition, Shimla was the capital of the undivided state of Punjab in 1871, and remained so until the construction of the new city of Chandigarh (the present-day capital of Punjab)[dubious – discuss] Upon the formation of the state of Himachal Pradesh in 1971, Shimla was named its capital. Pre-independence structures still dot Shimla; buildings such as the former Viceregal Lodge, Auckland House, Christ Church, Gorton Castle, Shimla Town Hall and The Gaiety Theatre are reminders of British rule in India. [7][8] The original Peterhoff, another Viceregal residence, burned down in 1981. British Simla extended about a mile and a half along the ridge between Jakhoo Hill and Prospect Hill. The central spine was The Mall, which ran along the length of the ridge, with a Mall Extension southwards, closed to all carriages except those of the Viceroy and his wife. Geography Skating at Simla, c. 1905 Shimla lies in the north-western ranges of the Himalayas. It is located at 31. 61 °N 77. 10 °E with an average altitude of 2397. 59 meters (7866. 10 ft) above mean sea level, the city is spread on a ridge and its seven spurs. The city stretches nearly 9. km from east to west. [9] The highest point in Shimla, at 2454 meters (8051 ft), is the Jakhoo hill. Shimla is a Zone IV (High Damage Risk Zone) per the Earthquake hazard zoning of India. Weak construction techniques and increasing population pose a serious threat to the already earthquake prone region. [10][11] There are no bodies of water near the main city and the closest river, Sutlej, is about 21 km (13 mi) away. [12] O ther rivers that flow through the Shimla district, although further from the city, are Giri, and Pabbar (both are tributaries of Yamuna). The green belt in Shimla planning area is spread over 414 hectares (1023 acres). [5] The main forests in and around the city are that of pine, deodar, oak and rhododendron. [13] Environmental degradation due to the increasing number of tourists every year without the infrastructure to support them has resulted in Shimla losing its popular appeal as an ecotourism spot. [14] Another rising concern in the region are the frequent number of landslides that often take place after heavy rains. [10][15] Climate Shimla features a subtropical highland climate under the Koppen climate classification. The climate in Shimla is predominantly cool during winters, and moderately warm during summer. Temperatures typically range from ? 4  °C (25  °F) to 31  °C (88  °F) over the course of a year. [16] The average temperature during summer is between 19  °C (66  °F) and 28  °C (82  °F), and between ? 1  °C (30  °F) and 10  °C (50  °F) in winter. Monthly precipitation varies between 15 millimetres (0. 59 in) in November to 434 millimetres (17. in) in August. It is typically around 45 millimetres (1. 8 in) per month during winter and spring and around 175 millimetres (6. 9 in) in June as the monsoon approaches. The average total annual precipitation is 1,575 millimetres (62 in), which is much less than most other hill stations but still greatly heavier than on the plains. Snowfall in the region, which historically has taken place in the month of December, has lately (over the last fifteen years) been happening in January or early February every year. [17] Economy